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Subtitles

July 29th 2010 06:37
Curious example of a technology intended for one purpose, then largely used for another.

"Research by Ofcom, the media regulator, has found that of the 7.5 million people who use TV subtitles, six million have no hearing impairment at all." -- Jonathan Duffy, "The joy of subtitles", BBC News Magazine, Friday 31 March 2006

Examples of use:

-- deaf;
-- partially deaf (eg elderly);
-- understanding what actors say when they mumble or talk too fast;
-- understanding what actors say when their words are drowned out by music or background noise;
-- understanding things that no one could catch, revealing "hidden" dialogue (after all, captioners often have the script in front of them to refer to);
-- understanding strange accents;
-- generally, reducing stress of keeping up with words;
-- noisy environments, eg pubs, kids playing, phones ringing, people talking;
-- crowded environments where it's undesirable to pump up the volume, eg airports, doctors' waiting rooms;
-- when you want to watch without disturbing anyone, eg when breast-feeding, or late at night, or in hospital wards;
-- when you want to have a conversation at the same time as watch the movie;
-- while eating (particularly crunchy food);
-- while on a treadmill at the gym;
-- when you're not fluent with the language of the program / when learning a language;
-- with children who are learning to read;
-- with people who have speech/language problems;
-- understanding the words of songs;
-- home-made karaoke, to sing along to songs;
-- helps to concentrate on movie;
-- when you have a broken TV with dodgy sound.

***

Notes

-- Friday 30 July 2010: The Internet is probably a better example -- developed for military applications, then largely used for porn, as per the song.


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Notes on conjoined twins

July 27th 2010 05:36
Abigail Loraine Hensel and Brittany Lee Hensel
Abigail and Brittany Hensel (1990-)
* We have an interest in variety of experience -- not only our own, but other people's.

Freaks interest as curiosities, as scientifically and phenomenally new, but also as raising, inevitably, the question of what life is like from that position, and is there anything to take from there for our own beliefs and ways of doing things?

* What is it like to that extent to share the same environment, history, bodily sensations with another person? What is it like to share the most intimate experiences -- sometimes including, especially in cases of single organs, excretory and sexual functions? What is it like jointly to own an arm, and to fight for control of it, or to be responsible for just one arm? What is it like to coordinate, virtually telepathically, in typing an e-mail, kicking a soccer ball, eating a hamburger?

What is it like to rely on another person to that extent, or to that extent to have expectations from another?

* I've heard one wit remark, "Wouldn't it suck if you were straight and your twin was gay?"

The challenge to ideas about sex as private -- the growing into sexuality, the act itself, the sensations.

To speak of conjoined twins is to speak of their sex lives. But the reasons for interest seem to go beyond prurience to symbolism.

"My fascination with conjoined twins is rooted in their literal embodiment of our desire to connect with others and not be alone. But the flip side of that desire is also one of our deepest anxieties -- that we will never be alone. Never be completely autonomous. Never be free." -- Noria Jablonski, interview by Tara McCarthy, Friday 26 January 2007

* Are you still your own person? Are you still your self? -- What is a self, given such a scenario?

* Do you feel pity and relief upon seeing a conjoined twin? Do you feel horror? -- What do you discover about your own assumptions and dispositions?

* Do such cases challenge one's ideas about God, souls, a just universe, morality?

* Do they challenge ideas about what it is to be human?

***

Millie McCoy and Christine McCoy (1851-1912)
Millie and Christine McCoy, born 1851, died of tuberculosis on 8 October 1912
The traditional lives of conjoined twins: usually female, subjected to medical experiments, refused permission to marry, suffering the curiosity and revulsion of others, exploited in sideshows -- and dying together...

* "Dasha became very depressed and tried to kill herself several times. When that didn’t work, she turned to alcohol. Although she was the one who was drinking, it was Masha who died of heart failure in 2003. Dasha had the option to receive medical care from doctors, but she refused it and was instead given a sleeping pill. She died about 17 hours later."

-- Stacy, "Seven Famous Sets of Conjoined Twins", Neatorama , 29 May 2008

Daisy Hilton and Violet Hilton (1908-1969)
Daisy and Violet Hilton (1908-1969)
* "The Hiltons' last public appearance was at a drive-in movie theater in Charlotte, North Carolina. Their tour manager abandoned them there, and with no means of transportation or income, they were forced to take a job in a nearby grocery store.

On January 4, 1969, after they failed to report to work, their boss called the police. The twins were found dead in their home due to the Hong Kong Flu. According to forensics, Daisy died first, with Violet dying perhaps 2–4 days later."

-- Wikipedia

Chang Bunker and Eng Bunker (1811–1874)
Chang and Eng Bunker (1811–1874)
* "JOHN TEMPLETON: In the middle of the night Eng woke up with a terrible sense of apprehension and he could not arouse his brother. Then he called his family and, and they said Uncle Chang is dead. Eng began to complain of weakness and sweatiness and cramps in his muscles and after several hours he said has the doctor come yet and they said no father, he’s not here, at which point Eng said then I will die too and within an hour of two [sic] he died.

NARRATOR: What puzzled doctors at the autopsy is why Eng had also died, even though he’d been in perfect health.

JOHN TEMPLETON: It’s clear when you go back to the records from the embalmer what really happened. Chang, who died first, his body was totally suffused in blood whereas Eng’s body had very little blood left in it and it’s clear that they shared blood across that band, even if it was a narrow band, they shared perhaps a small percentage of their cardiac output, their blood flow from one to the other. When Chang died Eng continued to pump his own blood into Chang, but there was no way that Chang could return blood to Eng, so what really happened is that Eng bled to death. If anybody had just taken a strong rope and tied it tightly on the band between them the haemorrhage would have stopped and he would have survived."

-- "Conjoined Twins", BBC2, Thursday 19 October 2000

***

Some more quotes from that BBC program:

-- "DASHA KRIVOSHLYAPOVA: We’d never agree to such an operation. We just don’t need it.

MASHA KRIVOSHLYAPOVA: Even when we were little we didn’t want that. We are a little collective. We share our grief and our tears."

-- "ALICE DREGER: Conjoined twins tend to grow into a body that they’re born with, the same way the rest of us do and so they’re born into this body joined and they will develop an understanding of their lives as joined."

-- "ALICE DREGER: The notion was that this was a moral outrage, that if you had two conjoined twins getting married that meant that you’d essentially be sanctioning group sex. What that fails to understand is that conjoined twins when they have sex they always describe it as having sex one on one, that is the other conjoined twin who’s in the bed with them simply zones out and pays attention to something else."

-- "ALICE DREGER: A lot of conjoined twins can’t make a living today. They can’t be hired because people don’t want to hire them and you have the flip side that they can’t exhibit themselves because people think that, that’s distasteful. The irony is that a lot of people with unusual anatomies today do exhibit themselves for money and these are people with unusually beautiful anatomies, these are people who we think it’s perfectly fine to have them exhibit themselves to make profit. We don’t see that as prurient or pitiful."

***

Some more extracts from the interview with Noria Jablonski by Tara McCarthy (Friday 26 January 2007). Both are authors of tales involving conjoined twins.

-- Noria Jablonski: "[Y]ou describe the narrator Sloan's 'unhealthy fascination with Siamese twins' as a child: she simulates being conjoined by tying herself to her sister with a wool scarf; she glues a pair of Ken dolls together; she builds Siamese snowmen; she stands sideways up against a mirror, fantasizing about having a conjoined twin."

-- Tara McCarthy: "As for our cultural fascination and revulsion I think it's because conjoinedness goes against our primal instincts. I suddenly have a lot of friend [sic] with babies and small children and it's clear from simple observation that we're born selfish. We need to be taught to share at a very young age -- otherwise it's all 'mine mine mine.' And we're also wired to assert our independence very early on. So being conjoined challenges everything we know about our own socialization. And of course sex is that most primal of instincts and the idea of having to have a witness to sex goes against a lot of the generally accepted views. If that witness is a sibling, you run right up against the incest taboo."

-- Tara McCarthy: "In another story, 'One of Us,' we're put in the point of view of formerly conjoined twin Hassan, as he struggles with the widening gap of experience between him and his brother Hussein. Hassan can't even remember being conjoined and yet he can't help but wonder -- longingly even -- what life would be like if they'd never been separated."

-- Tara McCarthy: "Like most living conjoined twins who are old enough to have an opinion on themselves, they say they're happy they weren't separated. But I think there must be an extraordinary amount of self-delusion required to live contentedly as a conjoined twin. Then again, maybe there's just an extraordinary level of self-delusion required to live happily as a human being."


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The value of experience?

July 26th 2010 04:09
After having had an awful time, people will sometimes remark, "At least it was an experience."

Other times, people are drawn by the promise of the new -- by advertisements for exotic destinations, by exotic degustation-menu items.

A good movie trailer teases you with wow moments and things you haven't seen before; whereas a bad trailer is predictable and oh so already done.

But why does anyone value new experience?

The reasons might include: --

1. Pleasure

-- Discovering what you like. In the world of foods that's out there, there might well be new dishes that will blow your tastebuds; and if you weren't open to experimentation, you wouldn't have discovered them.

There might well be sexual delights of indescribable ecstasy.

The only rational way, after all, to make the best choice, is to understand all the possible choices -- to read the entire menu.

-- The new, and the surprise of the new, bring their own pleasures; whereas the old often stales.

-- Thinking of examples like travel, there is sometimes a relief-pleasure caused by freeing yourself from the constraints of social class, geography, expectations, identity, not to mention the pleasures proffered by the accompanying new possibilities.

-- Thinking of examples like theme-park rides, you're sometimes pleasurably and liberatingly lost in the moment -- not only because it's distracting and preoccupying, but also because it's novel and you're trying to cope with or process it.

2. Practicality

-- Learning more about the world, having more control over environment, being better prepared for all that might happen. At the end of the day, what is the difference between "new experience" and "new learning"?

We greet with awe our returning travellers. We look to see how they've changed. We respect "cultured Europeans" with wide knowledge of different societies.

-- Discovering better ways of doing things.

-- Learning more about yourself, and how you react in different situations.

-- Freeing yourself from unquestioned assumptions, unthinking habits, mindless acceptances.

-- Increasing your mental vocabulary -- feeding your brain with metaphors and information -- which in turn might generate new ideas or assist with old ones.

In some cases, there might be direct teaching or encouragement of new ways of thinking.

3. Ethics

-- Discovering new purposes, values, rules of conduct, or possible modifications to existing ones. Refining ideas about how to make your life go best, and how to behave towards others.

I've written before on how we always seem to watch movies with one eye towards ethics -- towards what we can take from them and apply to our own lives. (And, in particular, we take an interest in the cause-and-effect of movies -- how things turned out, what actions led to good consequences, and what actions led to bad.)

-- Discovering new organizations. For instance, different political systems, lifestyle experiments, life projects.

Incidentally, it's sometimes asserted that it's important to preserve, within a liberal democracy, many different lifestyles, hobbies, cultures etc, so that people have real freedoms, have genuine choices in and power over how they're to lead their lives. A crass example might go: if someone wanted to play chess, but there were no chess clubs anywhere, then in theory they might be free to play chess, but in practice they'd be limited.

-- Changing your personality, and your virtues and vices. For instance, the act of encountering a new experience itself changes you -- makes you more able to deal with the unknown, and perhaps less ready to succumb to prejudices or snap judgements.

-- Many people seem to regard quantity and diversity of experience themselves to be goods, regardless of any pleasure or practical application. Sometimes this is thought of as accumulating new experiences, as if it were possible to chalk up a running total. And sometimes this is conceived as almost a religious duty, to appreciate the gift of the world.


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Notes on slow reading

July 23rd 2010 09:19
There are limited hours before we die -- we're all of us time-deprived. So, if it's just the ideas you're interested in, why bother reading a book or an article in full, rather than just the summary of it, or skimming over it?

Do any MPs -- can any MPs -- read in entirety the laws that they vote on


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Preparing an acting piece

July 6th 2010 07:35
Twelve things to work on when you're preparing.

Note: This is just one way to prepare. Everyone has a different process, and every situation is different. There's a difference, for instance, between preparing for theatre, preparing for a short film, preparing for a commercial, preparing for an audition, preparing for a performance


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A dozen notes and quotes on sex

July 1st 2010 03:51
What the hell is an "adult book exchange"? -- I went up last night to take a look, and I discovered the place was misnamed.

Adults don't read books, you see -- only magazines and DVD covers


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Associations

June 29th 2010 18:34
* What is a mental association? The idea seems to embrace any sort of connection at all, including causation, proximity, similarity. So to say that something is connected "by association" seems little better than saying that it's connected.

* In our own experience, in the flux of our thoughts, we can ask, "How did we get from x to y?" -- and we assume that there's an answer on the level of thought, a content-level explanation. We assume a connection to be found


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Rationalizations and alien limbs

June 28th 2010 18:09
A child is playing with a toy car, imagining that it's life-sized, when an adult steps in the path of the car. What does the child think? The incident is immediately incorporated into the fantasy -- a giant's foot!

***

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A dozen notes and quotes #11

June 27th 2010 17:09
There's nothing more cynical than refusing to be a cynic.

***

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Last-digit cycles

June 24th 2010 13:46
Quick maths thing I've been fiddling with... I'm sure this has been very well studied, but, hey, it's new to me...

Say you're dealing with subtraction or addition, and you're working with a base 10 number system (that is, the normal system). What you'll find is that if you keep subtracting or adding the same number, the last digits of the results will repeat in a steady cycle


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